How can I identify non-ASCII characters from the shell?

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How can I identify non-ASCII characters from the shell?
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ANSWER:

I want to change the encoding of a text file from UTF-8 to ASCII …

… replace all instances of non-ASCII characters …

Then tell your conversion tool to do so.

$ iconv -c -f UTF-8 -t ASCII <<< 'Look at 私.'
Look at .

$ iconv -c -f UTF-8 -t ASCII//translit <<< 'áēìöų'
aeiou

by Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams from http://superuser.com/questions/417390